نشریه پژوهش در ورزش تربیتی
پیاپی 18 (بهار 1399)

The purpose of this research was to investigate and implement the QFD model at the Ministry of Education's In-School Sports Olympiad. The statistical population of this research included all students participating in the Sport Olympiad, related School headmasters, Physical Education Teachers and Deputies of the Olympiad Designer Schools and Provincial Executive Directors, in the academic year 97-96. The statistical sample was selected as a criterion in the interview phase and the interviews were peer to peer, until all fields were theoretically saturated. In the quantitative part of the research, a sequential cluster random sampling method was used and 420 persons were identified as the sample, according to the Morgan sample size table and analyzed using the standard questionnaire of Parasuraman et al, and questionnaires were analyzed after collecting. In this research, the most important needs obtained from the interviewing stage and analysis of the SERVQUAL questionnaire were entered according to the focal group to the home of quality as the voice of customers, followed by 3 QFD matrices according to The protocol designed for service organizations; and features of the service, key process operations, and the requirements of the in-school sports Olympiad operation were identified within the school's Ministry of Education. Finally, using the QFD methodology, effective strategies were developed to improve the quality of the services of in-school sport Olympiads, most notably was the review of the Olympiad's guidelines and regulations.

The aim of this study was to designing the structural model of student sport development. The research method was Descriptive-analytical. The statistical population of the study consisted of experts of the physical education department and health in the Ministry of Education, general offices of provinces, cities and districts, Student Sports federation as well as physical education teachers. The number of 249 participants was selected in order to be interviewed to make a final model. The research instruments were a questionnaire made on the basis of theoretical study and an interview with experts. The validity of the instrument using the experts (content), Cronbach's alpha (reliability) and reliability factor (fit) was confirmed. To analyze the findings of structural equation modeling (software PLS) was used.The results revealed that the strategies, processes and pathways factors have a direct and significant effect on the development outcomes, and the stakeholders’ factor also influence the development outcomes through strategies. Based on the results of the research, it can be noted that the student sport development is a dynamic process and stakeholders, strategies, processes and pathways of sport development should work together to achieve the development outcomes. Therefore, policymakers and planners are needed to consider the stakeholders, strategies, processes, and pathways of sport development through developing policies and programs for student sport development.

Although women have found an increasing role in modern society due to increased their agency and reduced constraints on their growth and prosperity, they still face serious challenges regarding the type of market look to the body , As a booming arena to define and advance new consumption flows. The study seeks to get a clear picture of how they face three pervasive concerns in the modern world, including beauty, wellness, and sports, through systematic analysis of women's experiences from everyday life in sports clubs. For this purpose, based on a qualitative approach, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 women attending and active in fitness clubs. The analysis of the text of the interviews with the help of the thematic analysis technique led researchers to a set of major categories that included "the importance of social acceptance of the body", "multiple performance of the sports club", "diversity in resources and motivating factors", "Mixed understanding of exercise and health", "Mixed understanding of exercise and beauty", and "Focusing the idea of improving exercise outcomes". Each of these themes also included certain concepts. At the highest level of conceptual abstraction, the macro category was defined as "Body Building Club as a Health-Realized Realization Area".

This article aimed to design an empowerment model of physical education teachers with emphasis of 1404 I.R. Iran Vision document. The research was mixed method and in terms of objective was an applied one. The statistical population was academic experts and executive personnels of the Ministry of Education that they had special expertise and information in the field of sport management, physical education and teachers empowerment. In Qualitative phase, 15 people were selected among the experts with these characteristics by continuum sampling method and the model was design based on their interviews. The statistical population of research in Quantitative phase, were 300 physical education teachers from East Azerbaijan province were selected by relative clustering sampling methods. Data were collected by interviews and questionnaires. The face validity was confirmed by the professors of sports management. The factor analysis was employed to validate the construct validity. The reliability was reported 0.85 by Cronbach's Alpha. The data were analyzed by SPSS24 and PLS. The results showed that the factors affecting the teacher empowerment were background (IT, Cultural Factors, and Economic Factors); organizational (Goals and Strategies, Resources and Equipment, and Monitoring and Evaluation) and Individual (Psychological, Professional Ideological and Moral) . Among the background components, IT , the organizational components, Resources and Equipment and the individual components, Professional dimension effect on the empowerment of physical education teachers, Clarifying the expectations from the teachers, making sure of their personality -profession compatibility and providing fields for using new technologies are proposals of this research.

The aim of this research was to measure the effect of an educational intervention of interactive skills on job self-efficacy, job compatibility and social well-being of physical education (PE) teachers. This study was a quasi-experimental research including two groups and pretest-posttest, as well as follow-up study. Hence, 33 PE teachers from Isfahan’s second educational district were selected by availability sampling method and then accidentally divided in two groups (experimental group: 17, control group: 16). Educational protocol in this study especially designed for PE teachers, with using the Queendom’s communication skill model (2001). The instruments employed in this research for measuring the efficiency of the research’s educational protocol includes; Betz, Klein & Taylor’s job self-efficacy (1996), Dawis & Lofqist’s job compatibility (1991), and Keyes’s social well-being (1998). The Covariance analyzing test as well as Repeated Measure ANOVA employed for analyzing the data provided by research’s instruments. The results indicated that educational intervention of interactive skills significantly effect on improving the PE teachers’ job self-efficacy, job compatibility and social well-being, after participating at the 7 educational sessions. Furthermore, effect of mentioned educational intervention was stable after 12 weeks from finishing the educational sessions.

The purpose of this study was Identify and prioritize the opportunities and challenges of champion school plan with the AHP method. In order to identify the opportunities and challenges of the champion's school plan in student sport, the study of existing documents, the study of theoretical foundations and interviews with experts will first be examined. In order to prioritize identified factors, a paired questionnaire is proposed based on Hierarchical analysis method was used. The statistical population of the study consisted of experts in the field of student sport. The findings of the qualitative section of the research showed that the main challenges (main factors) include of optimizing the heroic school plan are material and spiritual, technical and managerial, legal, cultural-social and economic factors. Also, the main opportunities (main factors) include of individual, organizational, social and economic factors. In the second stage of the research, quantitative data were collected in the form of AHP questionnaires and analyzed according to the hierarchical analysis process for prioritizing, main factors and sub factors. The results of the Championship School Challenge show that material and financial factors with a relative weight of 0.326 and in the Opportunities section the social factor with the relative weight of 0.413 is most important. It seems that utilizing smart systems, revise the technical instructions, training of managers and stakeholders, government support from companies and institutions supporting sports schools, conducting competitions in polar or league form could be useful to institutionalization of Champion School plan.

The aim of this study was to investigate the mediating role of psychological empowerment in the relationship between organizational virtue and organizational commitment among physical education teachers in Kermanshah province. The statistical population included all physical education teachers in Kermanshah province (1230 people). The sample size included 230 people which were selected through cluster-random sampling method. There were three measurement instruments including e Cameron, Britt and Kaza’s organizational virtue questionnaire (2004), spreitzer’s psychological empowerment questionnaire (1995), and Allen & Meyer’s organizational commitment questionnaire (1991). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used in order to analyze the data. All analyses were performed using soft wares including SPSS 19 and Lisrel 8.54. The findings of the research showed that organizational virtue was influenced directly by organizational commitment which was mediated by psychological empowerment. Measures must be taken in order to build and improve the characteristics of organizational virtue such as support, growth and development, friendship and trust which in turn, leads to increasing in the level of the psychological empowerment and organizational commitment. One of these measures could be holding training courses by school principals or provincial education managers for physical education teachers in order to familiarize them with the concept of organizational virtue and its effects.

The purpose of this study was to identify strategies for developing physical activity in the elderly of Qom city with a social marketing approach. The research method was a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods and According to the qualitative data collection in the first stage, and validation of it in the next stage, this research was exploratory blend type. The statistical population of this study was all people over 50 years old in Qom province. The sampling method in the qualitative part of this research was initially purposeful and judgmental and then snowball sampling method was used to collect data. In this study, 13 of the sample were interviewed with theoretical saturation. In the first phase, the data collection tools was interviewed and then with coding and identify themes and indicators, questionnaire codification and was used to design and validate models . The sampling method in the quantity section was random. Data analysis in the qualitative section was performed using thematic analysis and in the quantitative part using SPSS and LISREL software. The results of the thematic analysis showed that the proposed strategies were dominated by two concepts of social marketing mix (location, price, promotion, people, partners, politics, line, mesh, document, pleasure and protection) and STP strategies. The results of confirmatory factor analysis also showed the fitting of the model in this study. According to the results, having marketing and customer-oriented view is necessary for the development of sports in the elderly.